The paronyms vodny and vodoi have existed in the Russian language for three centuries (for the first time they were mentioned in the Lexicon of the Russian Academy of Sciences). Polikarpova in 1704) - The adjective watery received a "lexicographic registration" somewhat later - in the Lexicon of 1762.

Let's start with the adjective water. IAU and BAS-2 give only one common meaning of this word: "Related to water, related to it". However, BAS-2 gives three more shades of this value. Unfortunately, in the Dictionary of Ozhegov-Shvedova, in the "Big Explanatory Dictionary" by S. A. Kuznetsov and in the "Russian Explanatory Dictionary" by V. V. and L. E. Lopatin, this adjective is included in the word-forming nest of the title word Water without interpretation. It seems more appropriate to distinguish the following two meanings of this word:

1. Related to water, related to it.

2. Related to the use of water and reservoirs (natural and artificial).

The circle of nouns that combine with this adjective in the first meaning includes the following words: surface, element, barrier, environment, jet, smooth surface, stream, expanse, corridor, boundary, space, etc. Together with the adjective and the corresponding verbs, they form, in particular, such verb-nominal phrases: to fight the water element; to overcome a water barrier, a water boundary; to look around the water expanse, a water surface; to glide on the water surface; to live in an aquatic environment, etc.

In the second sense, the paronym under consideration forms the following noun phrases with nouns: water solution, water emulsion, water energy, water procedures, water stadium, water base, water sports, water path, water polo, water skiing, water bike, water reserves, water resources, water regime (soil, plants), water balance, water deficit, water cadastre, waterway, water transport, water main, water legislation, etc. In turn, these nominal phrases can be included in such verb-nominal phrases as: prepare an aqueous solution of something, take water procedures, engage in water sports; have large water resources; experience water scarcity, maintain, regulate the water balance; use a water source that is not available to you.

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to make amendments to the water legislation, etc. Let's illustrate the use of the adjective water with examples from fiction and periodicals:

"Dense forests, cultivated fields and coastal cities washed away by the water element have disappeared from the face of the planet "(Izvestia. 1994. May 31); "Imagine a light-filled pine forest, a boat rocking on the water surface..."(Home hearth. 1999. February); "He (N. Filatov) added that the vibrio cholera lives exclusively in the aquatic environment..." (Metro. 1999. March 11); "Valkov once again looked around the water expanse and discovered new details in it" (Yu. Nagibin. On a quiet lake); "The waterway no longer gives the same income" (Izvestiya. 1994. May 26); "I see this couple mostly at the championships in water sports or fly to each other on weekends" (Home hearth. 1999. May); "In short, there was enough jealousy on the water path and beyond" (Coma, really. 1997. December 19); " Water bikes and even yachts are bobbing along the shore..."(Izvestia. 1994. July 7); "The President also promised assistance for the development of water transport" (Izvestia. 1994. June 18); "It turns out that in Mshara, famous for its water resources, lakes are dying" (Yu. Nagibin. And all subsequent life).

Let's move on to the water paronym. Its interpretation is contained in the IAU and BAS-2. In the above-mentioned one-volume explanatory dictionaries, this adjective, like its paronym water, is also given without interpretation in the word-forming nest of the noun Water. If we discard some particulars, then the lexical meanings of this word can be formulated as follows::

1. Consisting of water, containing water, formed by water (water shaft, stream, column, ballast; water spray, vapor; water jet, drop, dust).

2. Powered by water; powered by water (water heating, cooling; water mill, turbine; water wheel; water engine).

3. Hardy, growing in water, living on water, near water (water creatures, insects; water rat, chicken, game; water plants; water nut, water lily).

As you can see, in the third meaning, the adjective water is an integral part of some botanical and zoological names. We should also mention another stable expression with the paronym water - watermarks. These are visible images on banknotes, stamps, etc.:

"Expose your body to the swirling water currents. Stand under the falling streams of small waterfalls... "(Home hearth. 1999. June); "Along with water dust and hail, plucked roses, magnolia leaves, small branches and sand were carried to the balcony under the columns."

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(M. Bulgakov. Master and Margarita); "An even thinner laser beam can be passed through a thin water jet" (Izvestia. 1994. October 25);" In all models of this invention, the principle of a water wheel is applied " (Izvestiya. 1994. June 1); "Masha loved to watch some water creatures scurry around in this water" (k. Paustovsky. Babushkin's Garden); "They (the banks) are densely overgrown with reeds, water lilies and water lilies..." (Yu. Nagibin. On a quiet lake); "On the banks of these rivers, water rats live in deep burrows. Paustovsky. Meshchorskaya side).

It is interesting to note that some nouns with the paronyms water and water in the first meaning can form synonymous phrases: water flow - water flow, water jet - water jet. Currently, the phrases water flow and water jet are more commonly used.

As for the third paronym watery, almost all explanatory dictionaries (both multi-volume and single-volume) distinguish three meanings for it:

1. Contains a significant or excessive amount of water, moisture (watery berries, watery potatoes, watery swamp, watery snow).

2. Colorless, slightly colored, resembling the color of water (watery colors, eyes; watery look).

3. Peren. Razg. Vague, verbose, and meaningless (watery article, lecture, dissertation, monograph; watery report, style; watery poems).

Let's illustrate the use of the paronym watery with a few quotes: "Before you cook watery potatoes, put them in a warm place overnight to dry out" (Worker. 1998. October); "The flat slope, which I still had to run along, turned into a low-lying watery swamp, overgrown with a sparse pine forest" (A. Kuprin. On capercaillies); "My legs were very sore from the heat. And the night kept sculpting layers of watery March snow on the windows." Paustovsky. Isaac Levitan); "The guy paused for a second, looked at me with watery eyes, in which surprise froze..." (A. Kivinov. Safety option);" There the regiments froze, standing on one leg and stretching out their socks under the watery and furious gaze of the Emperor Paul " (K. Paustovsky. Orestes of Kipren); "The report was very watery - general words and few concrete facts" (From the conversation).

Summing up, it can be stated that the paronyms water and water are more common and have a wider range of lexical compatibility with nouns than the third member of the paronymic series watery. The adjective watery does not form paronymic or synonymous phrases with other members of the series.

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