On May 14-16, 2010, a scientific conference "Russian-Chinese Economic cooperation in the context of the transformation of the Global Economic system" was held in Shanghai (China), organized by the Shanghai Academy of International Studies (SHAMI) and the World Public Forum "Dialogue of Civilizations".

The conference was attended by government and public figures, researchers, teachers of higher educational institutions in Russia and China. 20 people made presentations. A wide range of issues related to the impact of Russian-Chinese relations on changes in the global economic system were discussed.

Depending on the topic of the reports, all speakers were divided into three sections: "Changes in the structure of the world economy and trends in its development"; "The role, influence and interaction of Russia and China in the formation of a new economic world order"; "Problems and prospects of Russian-Chinese economic cooperation".

Opening the conference, President of the Shanghai Academy of International Studies, member of the China-Russia Friendship, Peace and Development Committee Yang Jiemin stressed that the conference has great scientific and political significance. "Our two countries have many common interests," Yang Jiemin said. We strive for a multipolar world. Our relations should be multilateral." Yang Jiemin noted that the huge interest of the Chinese in Russia is clearly demonstrated by the Expo-2010 exhibition taking place in Shanghai. The Russian Pavilion was visited by thousands of Chinese citizens. In conclusion, Yang Jiemin wished success in his work at the conference.

At the plenary session, Vladimir Yakunin, President and Founder of the World Public Forum "Dialogue of Civilizations", President of JSC "Russian Railways", addressed the conference participants with a welcoming speech. He presented information about the international non - governmental organization Forum "Dialogue of Civilizations", which was established eight years ago and is headquartered in Vienna as a platform for scientific and practical research.

According to him, currently there is not a single research paper that would reveal all the causes of the global financial and economic crisis and consider ways out of it, although in 2009 the leaders of world powers declared the need to create an international mechanism for overcoming the crisis. The BRIC and the creation of a new global currency system based on the yuan and ruble may become more reliable mechanisms for overcoming the crisis than those created by the West.

Executive Secretary of the Customs Union Commission of Russia and Kazakhstan, Deputy Secretary General of the Eurasian Economic Community, acad. S. Y. Glazyev, in his report "Problems and opportunities for modernizing the Russian economy in the context of the global crisis", gave a deep and detailed analysis of the problems and challenges facing the Russian economy. His report was devoted to the argumentation of the anti-crisis strategy of Russia and included: analysis of the causes of the global economic crisis, forecast of likely scenarios of changes in the world economy; justification of the anti-crisis policy strategy for the Russian Federation. According to the author, the key idea of forming an anti-crisis strategy is to advance the formation of basic industries of a new technological order and the earliest possible withdrawal of the Russian economy.

the associated new long wave of growth. This requires the concentration of resources in the development of its constituent promising production and technological complexes.

Director of the Institute of Economics and Management. The Center for Russia and Central Asia under SHAMI Li Xin in his report "Development of economic integration in Eurasia and China" noted that three integration projects with Russia's participation are actually being implemented in the former USSR. This is the Union State of the Russian Federation and Belarus, the Eurasian Economic Community consisting of the Republic of Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Tajikistan, and the Customs Union consisting of Belarus, Kazakhstan, and the Russian Federation.

The Chinese economy needs to join the integration process in Eurasia, Li Xin said. The countries of the former Soviet Union and East Asia are the main regions of interest for China in terms of its economic development. Cooperation on security and countering terrorist threats within the SCO is developing successfully. However, the regional economic integration process remains ineffective, although in 2003 the SCO member states adopted a Program of multilateral trade and Economic cooperation in the long term - until 2020. This program is designed to create the most favorable conditions for mutual trade and investment, maximize the efficient use of regional resources, and gradually transition to the free movement of goods, capital, services, and technologies. However, this program does not yet correspond to the economic integration process dominated by Russia (EurAsEC, Customs Union).

Tang Zhuchang, Professor of the Faculty of Economics at Fudan University, in his report "Changes in the strategic development of Russian-Chinese trade and economic relations after the financial crisis", analyzed changes in the strategic partnership relations between China and Russia in the post-crisis period. He noted that they continue to improve. According to him, optimists believe that these relations have entered a period of joint development efforts. Nevertheless, there are some differences in the interests of both countries and certain problems. Pessimists emphasize that some Russian scientists and politicians adhere to the theory of the "Chinese threat", which complicates the development of cooperation between the two countries. According to the speaker, in order to change the strategy of Sino-Russian trade and economic relations, the following support systems should be created: changing thinking; optimal trade system; providing reliable support from the state; expanding economic cooperation.

Head of the Department of Economic Theory of St. Petersburg State University V. T. Ryazanov in his report "Prospects of globalization and regionalization in the world economy in the post-crisis period" considered the current state of the world economy. In particular, he noted that social differentiation has increased both between developed and developing countries, and within the countries themselves. In his opinion, we should now speak not of unequal exchange, but of uneven capitalist development. The crisis has also affected developed countries. Unemployment has become a massive phenomenon. The world, he believes, is entering a phase of deglobalization and regionalization, which will lead to the need to create national regional regulators of the economy. After all, the EU was considered the most effective association, but the history with Greece showed that there was a collapse here as well. The reasons are that economic integration lags behind political integration.

A. M. Khazanov (Institute of History of the Russian Academy of Sciences), having considered some problems of Russian-Chinese relations, described them as follows:"Hot in politics, cold in economics." Economic relations between the Russian Federation and the People's Republic of China are mainly limited to trade in the absence of any significant production and investment cooperation between the two countries. A serious problem, according to the speaker, is the demographic imbalance between the Russian Far East and the neighboring territories of the PRC.

100 million people live in the provinces of China adjacent to the Russian-Chinese border, compared with 5 million in the most populated southern part of the Far Eastern region. In the three provinces of the PRC, the population is 15 times larger than in the entire Far East. According to the speaker, the priority task for the Russian side in relations with China is to fill the course of equal trust relations adopted by the governments of the two countries with concrete content and practical actions.

on strategic partnership in the 21st century To do this, it is necessary to show not only desire, but also firm will, mutual trust, and consistently and persistently pursue the implementation of the decisions taken.

Summing up the discussion in the section "The role, influence and interaction of Russia and China in shaping the new world order", SHAMI President Yang Jiemin said that from the stage when only kind words were spoken, we are now moving to the stage when real deeds are being done. We should learn from the experience of our southern provinces, which have established cooperation with neighboring countries, including in the field of communications and integration, for example, in the framework of the Mekong project. According to Yang Jiemin, the term "confidence-building diplomacy" has now been put forward, which can help move forward on the path of further cooperation. The energy model of Russia's development should give way to an innovative model. "Energy is like opium, we want to get rid of it, but we can't do without it," Yang Jiemin said. "It's hard for us to go forward, but we can't go back."

In the section "Problems and Prospects of Russian-Chinese Economic Cooperation", the conference participants were very interested in the report of Professor of the Department of Economic Theory of St. Petersburg State University L. D. Shirokorad "Russian gas export to China: problems and prospects". He convincingly showed, based on a wealth of statistical data, that Russian gas imports are of great importance for China, and for Russia, the development of the Chinese gas market is an extremely important task. More than 90% of our natural gas reserves are concentrated in Western Siberia. The length of the West Siberian gas pipeline is very large. A significant part of it will pass through the territory of the Russian Federation. This route should start operating in 2011. The main difficulty is related to the fact that the Chinese do not want to pay more than $ 35. Due to these disputes, the launch of the gas pipeline is postponed until 2014-2015. This situation makes it urgent for China to search for alternative energy sources (for example, shale gas) and purchase liquefied natural gas from other countries.

Tian Zhusheng, Vice-President of the National Society for Economic Research in Russia and Central Asia and Eastern Europe, said in the debate on the report of L. D. Shirokorad: "Because of the price, we did not agree on gas. Unfortunately, there is very little Russian investment in China. Although both China and the Russian Federation are market economies, and we proceed from the important concept of "profit", when it comes to profit, there are contradictions." However, Tian Zhusheng noted that China and the United States have bigger differences than China and Russia. He criticized the foreign trade policy of the Russian Federation and, in particular, stressed: "Russia should open up its domestic market and give more freedom to medium and small businesses. Russia should open up its market to Chinese enterprises. We must participate in international competition. We are talking about the free competition of many countries in the Chinese market. At present, China-Russia trade is too small, it is less than even China-South Korea trade." According to Tian Zhusheng, the Russian consumer first of all looks at the quality of the product, and then at the price. In the competition on the Russian market, the more competitive ones will win. If there is no profit and investment, projects will be ordered to live for a long time. We need to think about how to create a foundation for further cooperation.

Ding Peihua (Center for Russia at the Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences), speaking in the discussion, said that China has just approved a strategy for the development of energy carriers. Much attention is paid to the development of gas fields in the territory of the People's Republic of China. China is counting on importing more than just Russian gas. "We are now thinking about cooperation in this area with Iran and other countries." He criticized Moscow's position on gas prices for China. "High gas prices are damaging not only China, but also Russia. High energy prices have led to high inflation and are one of the causes of the global economic crisis."

According to Qiang Xiaoyun (SHAMI), mutual trust is an important factor in the development of Sino-Russian relations. The discussion of these issues at the conference shows that our economic cooperation is expanding and deepening, said Qiang Xiaoyun. Cooperation between the PRC and the Russian Federation is mutual assistance and mutual assistance of neighbors. We should cherish our strategic partnership and try to find the best ways to implement it.

A. A. Nagorny (Deputy Editor-in-chief of the newspaper "Zavtra", Deputy Editor-in-chief of the newspaper "Zavtra"). General Director of the Experimental Creative Center Foundation) argued that if China accepts American proposals for the introduction of

A. A. Nagorny criticized the work of the Chinese Embassy in Moscow and the Russian Embassy in Beijing. "I don't see any activity of the Chinese embassy in Moscow, and the Russian embassy in Beijing. Apart from the exchange of circuses, their activity is zero." Shanghai and Beijing have American TV channels, but no Russian TV channel. As for Chinese exports to Russia, a significant part of them go through gray customs. In conclusion, A. A. Nagorny said: "We need to offer our government new forms of cooperation with China."

The conference participants were very interested in the detailed report of V. M. Simcher (Research Institute of Statistics of the Federal State Statistics Service). statistics) " Physics and metaphysics of joint Russian-Chinese potential (exaggeration of ideas and underestimation of real opportunities)". In his opinion, it will not be possible to build an effective system of targeted Russian-Chinese cooperation in individual objects and largely isolated areas without a holistic identification of the resources of its joint potential. "Hence," the professor said, " the objective need to build such a holistic picture of our relations, which in the current conditions should be considered not only as their first priority, but also as the leading axis of world development, as a kind of new world phenomenon that is consonant with the miracle of the construction of the new Wall of China."

Based on the analysis of a rich statistical material, V. M. Simcher showed that today the balance of Russian-Chinese trade is extremely negative for Russia. According to him, the situation is particularly depressing in the field of scientific and technical cooperation, where the overall scientific and technical potential is used unsatisfactorily. According to the speaker, in order to change the situation for the better, it is necessary to completely modernize the entire scientific and technical potential of the two countries, select effective positions and abandon ineffective ones. On this basis, it is necessary to form joint large-scale competitive scientific and technical productions and corresponding databases. And first of all, the state will is required to abandon obsolete technologies that are jointly mastered. The Russian Federation should resolutely abandon most of the current positions of scientific and technical cooperation (according to the speaker's estimates, 80 out of 250 jointly developed projects), and in the PRC - 95 uncompetitive joint projects, in particular, all projects for the development of agricultural and fuel resources in Russia as extremely primitive. Only with this approach, according to the speaker, each of the 75 remaining filtered developments has the necessary and sufficient grounds and resources for implementation with guaranteed efficiency at the level of global competitiveness.

In general, the conference "Russian-Chinese Economic Cooperation in the context of the transformation of the global economic system" was very useful and productive. Having touched upon a wide range of issues related to economic relations between Russia and China, she helped highlight the commonalities and differences in the views and approaches of Russian and Chinese specialists to these issues. The exchange of ideas that took place during the conference will undoubtedly be useful for both Russian and Chinese practitioners, and will also contribute to the development of recommendations for positive solutions to existing problems.

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