PART I: EARLY PALEOLITHIC ANCESTORS Human colonization of the high latitudes of Northern Eurasia led to the need to cope with the harsh bioclimatic environment and fluctuations in the ice cycle. Paleolithic evidence points to ancient cultural achievements during long-term adaptation and transition stages in the population of the North. The impulse was the spread of Early Paleolithic populations to the temperate and continental natural belts of Eurasia, which was fully realized during the Middle and Upper Paleolithic. The human biogeographic environment, which largely coincides with the mammoth steppe biomes, was formed during the Middle Paleolithic formative stage. The publication is devoted to the study and discussion of Lower Paleolithic localities and episodes of the initial settlement of Northern Eurasia. Part I defines a range of issues such as temporal perspectivism, culture, adaptation to food production, and principles of human biogeography. Key words: adaptation strategies, culture, temporal perspective, mammoth steppe biomes, evidence of early settlement. Introduction The Paleolithic settlement of northern Eurasia and Beringia periodically attracts the attention of researchers (Bader, 1965; Nat, 1971; McBurney, 1976; Clermont and Smith, 1980; Derevianko, 1990; Guzlitzer and Pavlov, 1993; Cinq-Mars and Morlan, 1999; Serikov, 1999; Keys, 2000; Orlova, 2000). Kuzmin and Zolnikov, 2000; Pavlov and Indrelid, 2000; Rolland, 2001, 2010; Hoffecker, 2002; Mochanov and Fedoseeva, 2002; Pitulko et al., 2004; Rolland, 2008; Chlachula, 2011]. It is associated with physical-climatic and ecological barriers and long-term adaptation to high latitudes, Arctic, subarctic, and subpolar [Clermont, 1974; Clark, 1975, chap. 2; Zvelebil, 1978, p. 205-207], continental and hypercontinental [Nat, 1971, pt 2; 1972, p. 212 - 218; 1974], and periglacial areas [Tricart and Cailleux, 1967; West, 1968, chap. 5; Butzer, 1971, chap. 7]. Tropical African origins, showing the principle of z ... Read more